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Answers for every chemical we supply

Uses, CAS numbers, grades, packing, storage, handling and documents – for all 21 products in our catalogue, plus how ordering, quality paperwork and delivery work.

142 answers across 21 chemicals

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Buying from Chelora Pharmachem

Ordering, documents, delivery and regulatory questions

Ordering & pricing

5 questions

01How do I get a price for a chemical?

Send us the product name, grade (for example IP, BP, USP or technical), quantity, pack size and delivery location by email to source@chelorapharmachem.com or through the contact page. Prices for pharma chemicals move with raw-material markets, so we quote against your exact requirement rather than publishing a price list.

02Do you have a minimum order quantity?

It depends on the product and how it is packed. Most powders are supplied in 25 kg bags or drums and liquids in drums, so the practical minimum is usually one pack. Tell us the quantity you need and we will confirm what is possible.

03Can I get a sample before placing an order?

For most products, yes – samples or small trial lots can usually be arranged so your QA or R&D team can test the material before approval. Mention the grade and the tests you plan to run when you ask.

04Do you supply on indent (import order) as well as from stock?

Yes. Some materials are supplied from stock and others on an indent basis, where the material is ordered from the manufacturer for your requirement. See our indenting agent page for how that works.

05Are you a manufacturer?

No – Chelora Pharmachem is a supplier and sourcing partner based in Andheri East, Mumbai. We work with approved manufacturers and pass on their batch documents, so you know exactly where your material comes from.

Quality & documents

4 questions

01Which documents do you provide with an order?

A Certificate of Analysis (COA) for the batch supplied and a Safety Data Sheet (SDS) as standard. Depending on the product and manufacturer, we can also share the specification or TDS, method of analysis, GMP or ISO certificates, TSE/BSE, Halal or Kosher statements, and DMF or CEP details.

02Can I see a COA before I order?

Yes. We can share a recent or typical COA so your QA team can check it against your specification before you place an order.

03What is the difference between IP, BP, USP and EP grade?

They are the standards set by different pharmacopoeias – Indian (IP), British (BP), United States (USP–NF) and European (Ph. Eur./EP). Each monograph sets its own tests and limits. Choose the grade your product registration or customer requires; many materials can be supplied to more than one. Our glossary explains these terms in more detail.

04Can you supply to my in-house specification?

Often, yes. Send us your specification and we will check it against what our manufacturers can consistently meet before quoting.

Shipping & delivery

3 questions

01Do you deliver across India?

Yes. We dispatch from Mumbai to formulation and API plants across India, including Gujarat, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh (Baddi), Sikkim and Goa, using road transport suited to the product.

02Do you export?

Yes, we handle export enquiries as well. Tell us the destination country, Incoterm (for example FOB or CIF) and any import documents you need.

03How are hazardous chemicals shipped?

Products such as thionyl chloride, chloroacetyl chloride and ethyl chloroformate are classed as dangerous goods. They are packed in compatible drums, labelled to GHS and moved under the applicable dangerous-goods rules, with the SDS and UN number on every consignment.

Safety & regulatory

2 questions

01Do some chemicals need an end-use declaration?

Yes, for certain regulated chemicals – for example thionyl chloride, which is listed under the Chemical Weapons Convention (Schedule 3). We will tell you at the quotation stage if a declaration or other paperwork is needed.

02Where can I find safety and handling information?

In the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for each product, which we share with quotations and every dispatch. It covers hazards, safe handling, storage, spill response and transport classification.

01

API Intermediates

Key starting materials for bulk-drug synthesis

4-Aminophenol

p-Aminophenol · PAP · 4-Hydroxyaniline

CAS123-30-8FormulaC6H7NOMW109.13 g/molGradesPharma (Paracetamol) grade
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01What is 4-Aminophenol used for?

4-Aminophenol is an API intermediate. Its main uses are:

  • Key starting material for Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) API by acetylation
  • Intermediate for dyes and oxidative hair-colour chemistry
  • Photographic developer and fine-chemical synthesis
  • Building block for other analgesic and specialty molecules

See the 4-Aminophenol product page for full details.

02What is the CAS number of 4-Aminophenol?

The CAS number of 4-Aminophenol is 123-30-8. Its molecular formula is C6H7NO, with a molecular weight of 109.13 g/mol. It is also known as p-Aminophenol, PAP, 4-Hydroxyaniline.

03Which grades of 4-Aminophenol do you supply?

Pharma (Paracetamol) grade, technical grade. If you need a particular pharmacopoeia, particle size or in-house specification, send it with your enquiry and we will confirm availability. A batch COA and SDS are shared with every order.

04How is 4-Aminophenol packed and stored?

Packing: 25 kg HDPE-lined bags or fibre drums. Storage: Cool, dry, well-closed; protect from light and air.

Appearance: White to off-white or light-pink crystalline powder; darkens on exposure to air and light. Melting point: approx. 186–189 °C.

05Why does 4-aminophenol turn pink or brown?

4-Aminophenol slowly oxidises when exposed to air and light, forming coloured products. That is why it should be kept in well-closed packs, away from light, and used soon after opening. Colour and appearance are often part of the purchase specification for pharma grade.

06How is 4-aminophenol used to make paracetamol?

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is made by acetylating 4-aminophenol, usually with acetic anhydride. Because pharmacopoeias set a tight limit on residual 4-aminophenol in paracetamol, the purity and impurity profile of the starting material matter a great deal.

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Salicylic Acid

2-Hydroxybenzoic acid · o-Hydroxybenzoic acid

CAS69-72-7FormulaC7H6O3MW138.12 g/molGradesIP / BP / USP
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01What is Salicylic Acid used for?

Salicylic Acid is an API intermediate. Its main uses are:

  • Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) and methyl salicylate synthesis
  • Keratolytic, anti-acne and anti-dandruff dermatology products
  • Exfoliants, face washes and shampoos in personal care
  • Fine-chemical intermediate and preservative applications

See the Salicylic Acid product page for full details.

02What is the CAS number of Salicylic Acid?

The CAS number of Salicylic Acid is 69-72-7. Its molecular formula is C7H6O3, with a molecular weight of 138.12 g/mol. It is also known as 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid, o-Hydroxybenzoic acid.

03Which grades of Salicylic Acid do you supply?

IP / BP / USP, technical grade. If you need a particular pharmacopoeia, particle size or in-house specification, send it with your enquiry and we will confirm availability. A batch COA and SDS are shared with every order.

04How is Salicylic Acid packed and stored?

Packing: 25 kg bags. Storage: Dry, well-closed containers away from moisture and light.

Appearance: White crystalline powder or fine needles. Melting point: approx. 158–161 °C.

05Is salicylic acid the same as aspirin?

No. Aspirin is acetylsalicylic acid, which is made by acetylating salicylic acid. Salicylic acid itself is used directly in skin-care and dermatology products and as an intermediate for aspirin and methyl salicylate.

06Which grade should I use for skin-care products?

Pharmacopoeial (IP, BP or USP) grade is the usual choice for dermatology and personal-care formulations, as it comes with defined limits for purity and impurities. Technical grade is meant for industrial and chemical uses.

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Guaiacol

2-Methoxyphenol · o-Methoxyphenol

CAS90-05-1FormulaC7H8O2MW124.14 g/molGradesPharma
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01What is Guaiacol used for?

Guaiacol is an API intermediate. Its main uses are:

  • Starting material for the expectorant API Guaifenesin
  • Vanillin, flavour and fragrance chemistry
  • Expectorant and antiseptic preparations
  • Fine-chemical and research synthesis

See the Guaiacol product page for full details.

02What is the CAS number of Guaiacol?

The CAS number of Guaiacol is 90-05-1. Its molecular formula is C7H8O2, with a molecular weight of 124.14 g/mol. It is also known as 2-Methoxyphenol, o-Methoxyphenol.

03Which grades of Guaiacol do you supply?

Pharma, synthesis and flavour grades. If you need a particular pharmacopoeia, particle size or in-house specification, send it with your enquiry and we will confirm availability. A batch COA and SDS are shared with every order.

04How is Guaiacol packed and stored?

Packing: 200 kg drums; smaller packs on request. Storage: Tightly closed, cool place, protected from light.

Appearance: Colourless to pale-yellow liquid or crystals (melts near 28 °C). Boiling point: approx. 205 °C.

05Is guaiacol a liquid or a solid?

Guaiacol melts at about 28 °C, so it can arrive as a liquid, a solid or a mix of both depending on the temperature. Drums can be warmed gently to melt the contents fully before sampling and use.

06How is guaiacol used to make guaifenesin?

Guaifenesin is 3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propane-1,2-diol. It is made by reacting guaiacol with a three-carbon partner such as glycidol or 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol, so guaiacol quality directly affects the impurity profile of the API.

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02

Fine Chemicals

Specialty building blocks for synthesis

Hydroxylamine Sulfate

Hydroxylammonium sulfate · HAS

CAS10039-54-0Formula(NH3OH)2SO4MW164.14 g/molGradesTechnical / synthesis grade; AR on request
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01What is Hydroxylamine Sulfate used for?

Hydroxylamine Sulfate is a fine chemical. Its main uses are:

  • Oxime formation from aldehydes and ketones
  • Hydroxamic acid synthesis for API routes
  • Agrochemical intermediates
  • Reducing agent in rubber, textile and photographic chemistry

See the Hydroxylamine Sulfate product page for full details.

02What is the CAS number of Hydroxylamine Sulfate?

The CAS number of Hydroxylamine Sulfate is 10039-54-0. Its molecular formula is (NH3OH)2SO4, with a molecular weight of 164.14 g/mol. It is also known as Hydroxylammonium sulfate, HAS.

03Which grades of Hydroxylamine Sulfate do you supply?

Technical / synthesis grade; AR on request. If you need a particular pharmacopoeia, particle size or in-house specification, send it with your enquiry and we will confirm availability. A batch COA and SDS are shared with every order.

04How is Hydroxylamine Sulfate packed and stored?

Packing: 25 kg bags. Storage: Cool and dry; keep away from bases, oxidisers and heat.

Appearance: White crystalline powder.

05What is the difference between hydroxylamine sulfate and hydroxylamine hydrochloride?

Both are stable salts that release hydroxylamine for oxime and hydroxamic-acid reactions. The sulfate is widely used in industrial processes, while the hydrochloride is common in laboratory and some pharma routes. The right choice depends on your solvent, the counter-ion your process can tolerate, and cost.

06Is hydroxylamine sulfate hazardous?

Yes. It is harmful if swallowed or in contact with skin, can cause skin sensitisation, and can decompose if heated strongly or mixed with incompatible materials. Store it cool and dry, away from bases and oxidisers, and follow the SDS for full GHS details.

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2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol

4-Nitro-2-aminophenol · ANP

CAS99-57-0FormulaC6H6N2O3MW154.12 g/molGradesTechnical grade; high-purity on request
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01What is 2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol used for?

2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol is a fine chemical. Its main uses are:

  • Azo dye and pigment intermediate
  • Oxidative hair-colour chemistry
  • Building block for benzoxazole-type heterocycles
  • Pharmaceutical and fine-chemical synthesis

See the 2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol product page for full details.

02What is the CAS number of 2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol?

The CAS number of 2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol is 99-57-0. Its molecular formula is C6H6N2O3, with a molecular weight of 154.12 g/mol. It is also known as 4-Nitro-2-aminophenol, ANP.

03Which grades of 2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol do you supply?

Technical grade; high-purity on request. If you need a particular pharmacopoeia, particle size or in-house specification, send it with your enquiry and we will confirm availability. A batch COA and SDS are shared with every order.

04How is 2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol packed and stored?

Packing: 25 kg fibre drums. Storage: Cool, dry and protected from light.

Appearance: Yellow-brown to orange crystalline powder.

05Is 2-amino-4-nitrophenol used in hair dyes?

It has been used as a hair-colour ingredient, but cosmetic use is regulated differently in each market and is restricted in some. If you are formulating cosmetics, check the rules in every country where the product will be sold. It is also used as a dye, pigment and heterocycle intermediate.

06What purity is available?

Technical grade is supplied as standard, with high-purity material available on request for pharmaceutical and fine-chemical synthesis. Share your required assay and impurity limits and we will confirm.

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03

Chlorinating & Acylating Reagents

Reactive reagents, shipped as regulated dangerous goods

Thionyl Chloride

Sulfinyl chloride · Sulfurous oxychloride

CAS7719-09-7FormulaSOCl2MW118.97 g/molGradesTechnical / synthesis grade
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01What is Thionyl Chloride used for?

Thionyl Chloride is a chlorinating / acylating reagent. Its main uses are:

  • Converts carboxylic acids to acid chlorides
  • Converts alcohols to alkyl chlorides in API routes
  • Chlorination steps in agrochemical synthesis
  • Dehydrating agent and battery-electrolyte chemistry

See the Thionyl Chloride product page for full details.

02What is the CAS number of Thionyl Chloride?

The CAS number of Thionyl Chloride is 7719-09-7. Its molecular formula is SOCl2, with a molecular weight of 118.97 g/mol. It is also known as Sulfinyl chloride, Sulfurous oxychloride.

03Which grades of Thionyl Chloride do you supply?

Technical / synthesis grade. If you need a particular pharmacopoeia, particle size or in-house specification, send it with your enquiry and we will confirm availability. A batch COA and SDS are shared with every order.

04How is Thionyl Chloride packed and stored?

Packing: Compatible lined drums as per dangerous-goods rules. Storage: Dry, ventilated store; keep away from water and moisture.

Appearance: Colourless to pale-yellow fuming liquid with a pungent odour. Boiling point: approx. 76 °C.

05Why is thionyl chloride regulated?

Thionyl chloride is listed in Schedule 3 of the Chemical Weapons Convention, so purchases may need an end-use declaration. It is also a dangerous good for transport – UN 1836, Class 8 (corrosive).

06What precautions are needed when handling thionyl chloride?

It reacts violently with water, releasing hydrogen chloride and sulfur dioxide gases. Use it only in dry, well-ventilated areas with suitable protective equipment, keep containers tightly closed, and use compatible materials of construction. See the SDS for full details.

07What by-products form when making acid chlorides?

Converting a carboxylic acid to an acid chloride with thionyl chloride gives off sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride as gases. Because they leave the reaction, work-up is simple – but the off-gas needs to be scrubbed.

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Chloroacetyl Chloride

CAC · Chloroacetic acid chloride

CAS79-04-9FormulaC2H2Cl2OMW112.94 g/molGradesTechnical grade
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01What is Chloroacetyl Chloride used for?

Chloroacetyl Chloride is a chlorinating / acylating reagent. Its main uses are:

  • Lidocaine and other anilide local-anaesthetic routes
  • Chloroacetanilide herbicides (alachlor, butachlor, metolachlor)
  • Bifunctional acylation and alkylation building block
  • Specialty and fine-chemical synthesis

See the Chloroacetyl Chloride product page for full details.

02What is the CAS number of Chloroacetyl Chloride?

The CAS number of Chloroacetyl Chloride is 79-04-9. Its molecular formula is C2H2Cl2O, with a molecular weight of 112.94 g/mol. It is also known as CAC, Chloroacetic acid chloride.

03Which grades of Chloroacetyl Chloride do you supply?

Technical grade. If you need a particular pharmacopoeia, particle size or in-house specification, send it with your enquiry and we will confirm availability. A batch COA and SDS are shared with every order.

04How is Chloroacetyl Chloride packed and stored?

Packing: Compatible lined drums as per dangerous-goods rules. Storage: Dry, cool, ventilated; keep away from water, alcohols and bases.

Appearance: Colourless to light-yellow liquid with a pungent odour. Boiling point: approx. 105–106 °C.

05How is chloroacetyl chloride used in lidocaine synthesis?

2,6-Dimethylaniline is acylated with chloroacetyl chloride to form a chloroacetamide intermediate, which then reacts with diethylamine to give lidocaine. The same chemistry is used for related anilide local anaesthetics.

06How is chloroacetyl chloride classified for transport?

It is a toxic and corrosive dangerous good – UN 1752, Class 6.1 with a subsidiary Class 8 hazard. It is a strong irritant and reacts with water, alcohols and bases, so it must be kept dry and handled with full protective equipment.

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Ethyl Chloroformate

ECF · Ethyl chlorocarbonate

CAS541-41-3FormulaC3H5ClO2MW108.52 g/molGradesTechnical / synthesis grade
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01What is Ethyl Chloroformate used for?

Ethyl Chloroformate is a chlorinating / acylating reagent. Its main uses are:

  • Carbamate and urethane formation
  • Ethoxycarbonyl protecting groups
  • Mixed-anhydride peptide coupling
  • Pharma and agrochemical intermediates

See the Ethyl Chloroformate product page for full details.

02What is the CAS number of Ethyl Chloroformate?

The CAS number of Ethyl Chloroformate is 541-41-3. Its molecular formula is C3H5ClO2, with a molecular weight of 108.52 g/mol. It is also known as ECF, Ethyl chlorocarbonate.

03Which grades of Ethyl Chloroformate do you supply?

Technical / synthesis grade. If you need a particular pharmacopoeia, particle size or in-house specification, send it with your enquiry and we will confirm availability. A batch COA and SDS are shared with every order.

04How is Ethyl Chloroformate packed and stored?

Packing: Compatible drums as per dangerous-goods rules. Storage: Cool, dry, flame-proof store; keep away from water and ignition sources.

Appearance: Colourless liquid with a pungent odour. Boiling point: approx. 93 °C.

05What is mixed-anhydride peptide coupling?

An N-protected amino acid is treated with ethyl chloroformate and a tertiary amine to form a reactive mixed anhydride, which then reacts with the amine component to form the peptide (amide) bond. It is a fast, economical coupling method.

06Is ethyl chloroformate flammable?

Yes. It is a flammable liquid as well as toxic and corrosive – UN 1182, Class 6.1 with subsidiary Class 3 and Class 8 hazards. Store it in a cool, dry, flame-proof area away from water and ignition sources.

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04

Pharmaceutical Excipients

The inactive ingredients that make a dosage form work

Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC)

MCC · Cellulose gel

CAS9004-34-6Formula(C6H10O5)nGradesIP / BP / USP / EP
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01What is Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) used for?

Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) is a pharmaceutical excipient. Its main uses are:

  • Diluent and dry binder for direct-compression tablets
  • Wet-granulation diluent with good compactibility
  • Capsule-filling diluent
  • Extrusion–spheronisation pellets

See the Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) product page for full details.

02What is the CAS number of Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC)?

The CAS number of Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) is 9004-34-6. Its molecular formula is (C6H10O5)n – a polymer, so it has no single molecular weight. It is also known as MCC, Cellulose gel.

03Which grades of Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) do you supply?

PH 101, PH 102, PH 112, PH 200 – IP / BP / USP / EP. If you need a particular pharmacopoeia, particle size or in-house specification, send it with your enquiry and we will confirm availability. A batch COA and SDS are shared with every order.

04How is Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) packed and stored?

Packing: 25 kg bags or fibre drums. Storage: Dry, well-closed; avoid moisture pick-up.

Appearance: White, odourless, free-flowing powder.

05What is the difference between MCC PH 101, PH 102, PH 112 and PH 200?

Mainly particle size and moisture. PH 101 (about 50 µm) is the classic grade for wet granulation; PH 102 (about 100 µm) flows better and is the usual direct-compression grade; PH 112 is a low-moisture grade for moisture-sensitive actives; PH 200 (about 180 µm) has the coarsest particles for the best flow.

06How much MCC is used in a tablet?

It varies widely with the formulation – roughly 20–90%. MCC can be the main diluent in a direct-compression tablet or a smaller part of a wet-granulated blend.

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Lactose Monohydrate

Milk sugar

CAS64044-51-5FormulaC12H22O11·H2OMW360.31 g/molGradesIP / BP / USP / EP
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01What is Lactose Monohydrate used for?

Lactose Monohydrate is a pharmaceutical excipient. Its main uses are:

  • Filler / diluent for tablets and capsules
  • Carrier for dry powder inhalers (DPI)
  • Wet-granulation base
  • Trituration base for low-dose actives

See the Lactose Monohydrate product page for full details.

02What is the CAS number of Lactose Monohydrate?

The CAS number of Lactose Monohydrate is 64044-51-5. Its molecular formula is C12H22O11·H2O, with a molecular weight of 360.31 g/mol. It is also known as Milk sugar.

03Which grades of Lactose Monohydrate do you supply?

Milled, sieved, spray-dried and inhalation grades – IP / BP / USP / EP. If you need a particular pharmacopoeia, particle size or in-house specification, send it with your enquiry and we will confirm availability. A batch COA and SDS are shared with every order.

04How is Lactose Monohydrate packed and stored?

Packing: 25 kg bags. Storage: Dry, cool, well-closed.

Appearance: White or almost-white crystalline powder.

05Which lactose grade should I use?

Milled lactose is common in wet granulation, sieved grades suit capsule filling, spray-dried lactose is designed for direct compression, and inhalation grades are made specifically as carriers for dry powder inhalers. Tell us your process and we will suggest a grade.

06Is pharmaceutical lactose animal-derived?

Yes, lactose is produced from milk. Manufacturers can provide dairy-origin and TSE/BSE statements, which many customers need for their regulatory files.

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Mannitol

D-Mannitol

CAS69-65-8FormulaC6H14O6MW182.17 g/molGradesIP / BP / USP / EP
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01What is Mannitol used for?

Mannitol is a pharmaceutical excipient. Its main uses are:

  • Diluent for chewable and orally disintegrating tablets (ODT)
  • Bulking agent in lyophilised products
  • Non-hygroscopic sweetener for sugar-free formulations
  • Osmotic agent (pharma grade)

See the Mannitol product page for full details.

02What is the CAS number of Mannitol?

The CAS number of Mannitol is 69-65-8. Its molecular formula is C6H14O6, with a molecular weight of 182.17 g/mol. It is also known as D-Mannitol.

03Which grades of Mannitol do you supply?

Powder, granular and spray-dried DC grades – IP / BP / USP / EP. If you need a particular pharmacopoeia, particle size or in-house specification, send it with your enquiry and we will confirm availability. A batch COA and SDS are shared with every order.

04How is Mannitol packed and stored?

Packing: 25 kg bags. Storage: Dry, well-closed.

Appearance: White crystalline powder or free-flowing granules. Melting point: approx. 166–168 °C.

05Why is mannitol used in chewable and orally disintegrating tablets?

Mannitol has a pleasant sweet taste and a cooling feel in the mouth, and it is not hygroscopic, so tablets stay stable. That makes it a favourite diluent for chewables and ODTs.

06What is the difference between powder and direct-compression mannitol?

Fine powder grades are used for wet granulation and as a bulking agent in freeze-dried products. Granular and spray-dried grades are engineered to flow and compress well, so they can go straight into direct-compression blends.

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Povidone (PVP K30)

Polyvinylpyrrolidone · PVP

CAS9003-39-8Formula(C6H9NO)nGradesIP / BP / USP / EP
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01What is Povidone (PVP K30) used for?

Povidone (PVP K30) is a pharmaceutical excipient. Its main uses are:

  • Binder for wet granulation
  • Solubility enhancer and solid-dispersion carrier
  • Film-former for oral liquids and topicals
  • Base polymer for povidone-iodine antiseptics

See the Povidone (PVP K30) product page for full details.

02What is the CAS number of Povidone (PVP K30)?

The CAS number of Povidone (PVP K30) is 9003-39-8. Its molecular formula is (C6H9NO)n – a polymer (K-value 27–32). It is also known as Polyvinylpyrrolidone, PVP.

03Which grades of Povidone (PVP K30) do you supply?

K30; K25 and K90 on request – IP / BP / USP / EP. If you need a particular pharmacopoeia, particle size or in-house specification, send it with your enquiry and we will confirm availability. A batch COA and SDS are shared with every order.

04How is Povidone (PVP K30) packed and stored?

Packing: 25 kg bags or fibre drums. Storage: Tightly closed; protect from moisture.

Appearance: White to creamy-white, hygroscopic powder.

05What does K30 mean in PVP K30?

The K-value is linked to the polymer's average molecular weight and solution viscosity. K30 (K-value about 27–32) is the most widely used binder grade; K25 is lower, and K90 is a high-viscosity grade used where a stronger binder or thickener is needed.

06How much povidone is used as a binder?

Typically about 0.5–5% of the tablet weight, added as a solution or dry in wet granulation. Povidone is hygroscopic, so keep packs tightly closed between uses.

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Croscarmellose Sodium

Cross-linked CMC-Na · CCS

CAS74811-65-7GradesIP / BP / USP / EP
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01What is Croscarmellose Sodium used for?

Croscarmellose Sodium is a pharmaceutical excipient. Its main uses are:

  • Superdisintegrant for direct-compression tablets
  • Intra- and extra-granular disintegrant in wet granulation
  • Capsule disintegrant
  • Orally disintegrating tablets (ODT)

See the Croscarmellose Sodium product page for full details.

02What is the CAS number of Croscarmellose Sodium?

The CAS number of Croscarmellose Sodium is 74811-65-7. Chemically it is cross-linked sodium carboxymethylcellulose – a polymer, so it has no single molecular weight. It is also known as Cross-linked CMC-Na, CCS.

03Which grades of Croscarmellose Sodium do you supply?

IP / BP / USP / EP. If you need a particular pharmacopoeia, particle size or in-house specification, send it with your enquiry and we will confirm availability. A batch COA and SDS are shared with every order.

04How is Croscarmellose Sodium packed and stored?

Packing: 25 kg bags or fibre drums. Storage: Dry, well-closed.

Appearance: White to greyish-white, free-flowing powder.

05Why is croscarmellose sodium called a superdisintegrant?

It works at low levels – usually about 0.5–5% – by rapidly drawing in water and swelling, which breaks the tablet apart quickly. Ordinary disintegrants such as starch typically need much higher amounts.

06Should croscarmellose be added inside or outside the granules?

Both are common. In wet granulation it is often split between the granules (intra-granular) and the final blend (extra-granular) to give fast break-up of both the tablet and the granules. In direct compression it is simply blended in.

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HPMC (Hypromellose)

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose · Hypromellose

CAS9004-65-3GradesIP / BP / USP / EP
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01What is HPMC (Hypromellose) used for?

HPMC (Hypromellose) is a pharmaceutical excipient. Its main uses are:

  • Tablet film coating (low-viscosity E grades)
  • Sustained / controlled-release matrices (K grades)
  • Vegetarian capsule shells
  • Thickener for liquids and ophthalmic products

See the HPMC (Hypromellose) product page for full details.

02What is the CAS number of HPMC (Hypromellose)?

The CAS number of HPMC (Hypromellose) is 9004-65-3. Chemically it is a cellulose ether (hydroxypropyl methyl ether of cellulose) – a polymer, so it has no single molecular weight. It is also known as Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, Hypromellose.

03Which grades of HPMC (Hypromellose) do you supply?

E5, E15, E50 (coating); K4M, K15M, K100M (SR) – IP / BP / USP / EP. If you need a particular pharmacopoeia, particle size or in-house specification, send it with your enquiry and we will confirm availability. A batch COA and SDS are shared with every order.

04How is HPMC (Hypromellose) packed and stored?

Packing: 25 kg bags or fibre drums. Storage: Dry, well-closed.

Appearance: White to off-white fibrous or granular powder.

05What is the difference between HPMC E and K grades?

E grades (substitution type 2910) such as E5, E15 and E50 have low viscosity and are used mainly for film coating. K grades (type 2208) such as K4M, K15M and K100M have high viscosity and form a gel layer that controls drug release in sustained-release matrix tablets.

06Can HPMC be used for vegetarian capsules?

Yes. HPMC is the standard plant-derived alternative to gelatin for capsule shells, suitable for vegetarian products.

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Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)

Macrogol · PEG 400 · PEG 4000 · PEG 6000

CAS25322-68-3FormulaH(OCH2CH2)nOHGradesIP / BP / USP / EP
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01What is Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) used for?

Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) is a pharmaceutical excipient. Its main uses are:

  • Solvent and co-solvent for oral liquids and softgel fills (PEG 400)
  • Plasticiser for film coatings
  • Ointment and suppository bases
  • Osmotic laxative formulations

See the Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) product page for full details.

02What is the CAS number of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)?

The CAS number of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) is 25322-68-3. Its molecular formula is H(OCH2CH2)nOH, and its molecular weight depends on the grade (PEG 200–8000). It is also known as Macrogol, PEG 400, PEG 4000, PEG 6000.

03Which grades of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) do you supply?

IP / BP / USP / EP. If you need a particular pharmacopoeia, particle size or in-house specification, send it with your enquiry and we will confirm availability. A batch COA and SDS are shared with every order.

04How is Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) packed and stored?

Packing: Liquids: drums · Solids: 25 kg bags. Storage: Tightly closed, cool and dry.

Appearance: PEG 400: clear viscous liquid · PEG 4000 / 6000: white waxy flakes or powder.

05What do the numbers in PEG 400, PEG 4000 and PEG 6000 mean?

They show the average molecular weight. Low-molecular-weight PEGs such as PEG 400 are clear liquids used as solvents and softgel fills; high-molecular-weight PEGs such as PEG 4000 and 6000 are waxy solids used as plasticisers, bases and binders.

06Is macrogol the same as PEG?

Yes. Macrogol is the pharmacopoeial name for polyethylene glycol, so “Macrogol 400” and “PEG 400” refer to the same material.

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Magnesium Stearate

Magnesium octadecanoate

CAS557-04-0FormulaMg(C18H35O2)2MW591.27 g/molGradesVegetable-source; IP / BP / USP / EP
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01What is Magnesium Stearate used for?

Magnesium Stearate is a pharmaceutical excipient. Its main uses are:

  • Lubricant for tablet compression
  • Lubricant for capsule filling
  • Anti-adherent for nutraceutical tablets
  • Texture and slip in cosmetic powders

See the Magnesium Stearate product page for full details.

02What is the CAS number of Magnesium Stearate?

The CAS number of Magnesium Stearate is 557-04-0. Its molecular formula is Mg(C18H35O2)2, with a molecular weight of 591.27 g/mol. It is also known as Magnesium octadecanoate.

03Which grades of Magnesium Stearate do you supply?

Vegetable-source; IP / BP / USP / EP. If you need a particular pharmacopoeia, particle size or in-house specification, send it with your enquiry and we will confirm availability. A batch COA and SDS are shared with every order.

04How is Magnesium Stearate packed and stored?

Packing: 20–25 kg bags. Storage: Dry, well-closed.

Appearance: Fine, white, smooth powder with a faint characteristic odour.

05Why choose vegetable-source magnesium stearate?

Vegetable-source material avoids animal-derived stearic acid, which suits vegetarian, Halal-sensitive and nutraceutical products and simplifies TSE/BSE documentation.

06Can too much magnesium stearate cause problems?

Yes. Using too much, or blending it for too long, can coat the particles and reduce tablet hardness or slow dissolution. Typical levels are about 0.25–5%, often 0.5–1%, added in a short final blend.

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Gelatin (Pharma Grade)

Type A (acid) · Type B (alkaline)

CAS9000-70-8GradesIP / BP / USP / EP
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01What is Gelatin (Pharma Grade) used for?

Gelatin (Pharma Grade) is a pharmaceutical excipient. Its main uses are:

  • Hard gelatin capsule shells
  • Softgel shells
  • Nutraceutical gummies
  • Tablet binding and coating

See the Gelatin (Pharma Grade) product page for full details.

02What is the CAS number of Gelatin (Pharma Grade)?

The CAS number of Gelatin (Pharma Grade) is 9000-70-8. Chemically it is a collagen-derived protein – a polymer, so it has no single molecular weight. It is also known as Type A (acid), Type B (alkaline).

03Which grades of Gelatin (Pharma Grade) do you supply?

Bloom 150–280 to your specification – IP / BP / USP / EP. If you need a particular pharmacopoeia, particle size or in-house specification, send it with your enquiry and we will confirm availability. A batch COA and SDS are shared with every order.

04How is Gelatin (Pharma Grade) packed and stored?

Packing: 25 kg bags. Storage: Cool, dry, odour-free store.

Appearance: Light-amber to yellowish granules or powder.

05What is the difference between Type A and Type B gelatin?

Type A gelatin is made by acid processing, typically from porcine skin; Type B is made by alkaline processing, typically from bovine hides and bones. They differ in properties such as isoelectric point, so specify the type your process or market needs.

06What does Bloom strength mean?

Bloom is a measure of gel strength – the higher the Bloom value, the firmer the gel. Hard capsules generally use higher-Bloom gelatin and softgels a mid-range Bloom. We supply Bloom 150–280 to your specification.

07Which certificates are available for gelatin?

Depending on the manufacturer, a TSE/BSE certificate, Halal certificate and origin statements can be provided. Tell us which documents your regulatory file or market needs.

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05

Vitamins & Nutraceuticals

For supplements, fortification, feed and skin care

Niacinamide (Vitamin B3)

Nicotinamide

CAS98-92-0FormulaC6H6N2OMW122.12 g/molGradesIP / BP / USP
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01What is Niacinamide (Vitamin B3) used for?

Niacinamide (Vitamin B3) is a vitamin. Its main uses are:

  • Multivitamin and B-complex tablets
  • Food and beverage fortification
  • Animal feed premixes
  • Skin-care serums and creams

See the Niacinamide (Vitamin B3) product page for full details.

02What is the CAS number of Niacinamide (Vitamin B3)?

The CAS number of Niacinamide (Vitamin B3) is 98-92-0. Its molecular formula is C6H6N2O, with a molecular weight of 122.12 g/mol. It is also known as Nicotinamide.

03Which grades of Niacinamide (Vitamin B3) do you supply?

IP / BP / USP, food, feed and cosmetic grades. If you need a particular pharmacopoeia, particle size or in-house specification, send it with your enquiry and we will confirm availability. A batch COA and SDS are shared with every order.

04How is Niacinamide (Vitamin B3) packed and stored?

Packing: 25 kg fibre drums or bags. Storage: Dry, cool, well-closed.

Appearance: White crystalline powder.

05Are niacinamide and niacin the same?

Both are forms of vitamin B3. Niacinamide (nicotinamide) is the amide form; niacin is nicotinic acid. Niacinamide does not cause the skin flushing associated with nicotinic acid, which is one reason it is popular in supplements and skin care.

06Do you supply cosmetic-grade niacinamide?

Yes – along with IP, BP and USP pharma grades, food and feed grades. Cosmetic grade is widely used in serums and creams.

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Calcium Pantothenate (Vitamin B5)

D-Calcium pantothenate

CAS137-08-6FormulaC18H32CaN2O10MW476.53 g/molGradesUSP / BP / EP
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01What is Calcium Pantothenate (Vitamin B5) used for?

Calcium Pantothenate (Vitamin B5) is a vitamin. Its main uses are:

  • B-complex and multivitamin formulations
  • Dietary supplements
  • Feed premixes
  • Hair-care products

See the Calcium Pantothenate (Vitamin B5) product page for full details.

02What is the CAS number of Calcium Pantothenate (Vitamin B5)?

The CAS number of Calcium Pantothenate (Vitamin B5) is 137-08-6. Its molecular formula is C18H32CaN2O10, with a molecular weight of 476.53 g/mol. It is also known as D-Calcium pantothenate.

03Which grades of Calcium Pantothenate (Vitamin B5) do you supply?

USP / BP / EP, feed grade. If you need a particular pharmacopoeia, particle size or in-house specification, send it with your enquiry and we will confirm availability. A batch COA and SDS are shared with every order.

04How is Calcium Pantothenate (Vitamin B5) packed and stored?

Packing: 25 kg fibre drums or cartons. Storage: Tightly closed; protect from moisture.

Appearance: White, slightly hygroscopic powder.

05What is the difference between D- and DL-calcium pantothenate?

Only the D-form has vitamin activity. We supply D-calcium pantothenate, which is the form required by pharmacopoeial monographs and normally used in supplements and feed.

06Which grade is used in animal feed?

Feed-grade calcium pantothenate is used in vitamin premixes for poultry, swine and other livestock. USP, BP and EP grades are used in pharmaceutical and supplement products.

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Folic Acid (Vitamin B9)

Vitamin B9 · Pteroylglutamic acid

CAS59-30-3FormulaC19H19N7O6MW441.40 g/molGradesIP / BP / USP
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01What is Folic Acid (Vitamin B9) used for?

Folic Acid (Vitamin B9) is a vitamin. Its main uses are:

  • Prenatal and iron–folic acid (IFA) supplements
  • Multivitamin tablets
  • Flour and food fortification
  • Animal nutrition

See the Folic Acid (Vitamin B9) product page for full details.

02What is the CAS number of Folic Acid (Vitamin B9)?

The CAS number of Folic Acid (Vitamin B9) is 59-30-3. Its molecular formula is C19H19N7O6, with a molecular weight of 441.40 g/mol. It is also known as Vitamin B9, Pteroylglutamic acid.

03Which grades of Folic Acid (Vitamin B9) do you supply?

IP / BP / USP, food grade. If you need a particular pharmacopoeia, particle size or in-house specification, send it with your enquiry and we will confirm availability. A batch COA and SDS are shared with every order.

04How is Folic Acid (Vitamin B9) packed and stored?

Packing: 1, 5 and 25 kg packs. Storage: Well-closed; protect from light.

Appearance: Yellow to orange crystalline powder.

05Why does folic acid need protection from light?

Folic acid breaks down on exposure to light, so it is packed in well-closed, light-protective packaging and should be stored away from light once opened.

06Which grade is used for food fortification?

Food-grade folic acid is used for flour and food fortification, usually added as a diluted premix because the amounts per kilogram are very small. Pharma grades (IP, BP, USP) are used for prenatal and iron–folic acid supplements.

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Vitamin E Acetate

DL-α-Tocopheryl acetate

CAS7695-91-2FormulaC31H52O3MW472.74 g/molGradesOil (≥96%) and 50% powder grades
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01What is Vitamin E Acetate used for?

Vitamin E Acetate is a vitamin. Its main uses are:

  • Softgel capsules
  • Tablets and premixes (powder grade)
  • Antioxidant in cosmetics and skin care
  • Animal feed

See the Vitamin E Acetate product page for full details.

02What is the CAS number of Vitamin E Acetate?

The CAS number of Vitamin E Acetate is 7695-91-2. Its molecular formula is C31H52O3, with a molecular weight of 472.74 g/mol. It is also known as DL-α-Tocopheryl acetate.

03Which grades of Vitamin E Acetate do you supply?

Oil (≥96%) and 50% powder grades. If you need a particular pharmacopoeia, particle size or in-house specification, send it with your enquiry and we will confirm availability. A batch COA and SDS are shared with every order.

04How is Vitamin E Acetate packed and stored?

Packing: Oil: drums · Powder: 25 kg cartons. Storage: Cool, protected from light and air.

Appearance: Clear, colourless to greenish-yellow viscous oil; 50% powder on request.

05Should I use vitamin E acetate oil or 50% powder?

The oil (≥96%) is used in softgels, liquids and cosmetics. The 50% powder is the oil carried on a powder base, so it can be blended into tablets, capsules and dry premixes.

06Is DL-α-tocopheryl acetate natural or synthetic?

DL-α-tocopheryl acetate is the synthetic form of vitamin E acetate. Natural-source vitamin E is the D-α form. Both are widely used; check which one your label claim requires.

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